What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you researching the efficiency ratings of new air conditioning and furnace systems? Or are you interested in knowing the rating on your current HVAC unit. Regardless, you can discover the efficiency rating and estimated yearly operating costs by looking at the yellow Energy Guide label on the side of the unit. We’d like to share some details about the various ratings you might see and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER is an acronym for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a rating of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating represents the cooling output of an air conditioner over a whole cooling season, divided by the total amount of energy used during that period. A higher SEER rating suggests better energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

Presently, the minimum SEER rating for recently manufactured air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an improvement from the previous minimum requirement of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This modification demonstrates the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) ongoing efforts to lower energy consumption and climate-impacting emissions.

These days, top-quality air conditioners tout ratings of 26 SEER or higher, providing incredible energy savings. Unfortunately, impressive SEER ratings usually come with a higher up-front cost. This simply means you should look at both the initial expense and the potential for ongoing savings when deciding on a new air conditioning unit.

What Is an EER Rating?

While SEER ratings get more attention, cooling systems have a different efficiency measurement you should be aware of. It’s known as EER, and it stands for Energy Efficiency Ratio. This indicates the efficiency of an air conditioner under specific operating situations. The EER rating allows you to understand if the system will support the demand on extreme summer days.

Presently, only the southwest section of the country has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. Peak ratings top out at about 14 EER. Consider that SEER and EER typically correspond, with higher ratings signifying stronger overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are measurements of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps once in heating mode. HSPF is a percentage of the overall heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) throughout the heating season to the amount of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating means a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, a boost from the prior minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By demanding higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE hopes to encourage the use of more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses across the U.S. You can always settle for the minimum, but you may want to consider a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the greatest performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are yet another estimate of heating system efficiency, but they only relate to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a proportion of the yearly heat output to the fuel consumed during that period. The greater the AFUE rating, the more efficient the heating system.

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces was revised to 81. Prior to this, the several southern states had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the north required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. While you aren’t required to install anything above the minimum, you’ll spend less on your heating bills by choosing a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced the ENERGY STAR program in 1992 to help homeowners and businesses discover the most energy-efficient equipment and appliances available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that have a minimum threshold of efficiency can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products go far beyond the minimum expectations to save energy and cut down on emissions without sacrificing performance or features. You can also look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which highlights the leading performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is presently revising the qualification criteria in light of the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help deciding which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is appropriate for your budget, turn to Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can review your situation and aid you in making an informed purchase. We can provide you with a wide range of products from today’s most reliable brands, all of which meet or surpass the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so confident you’ll be delighted with our services that we give you a 100% satisfaction guarantee! For details or to schedule a free HVAC installation quote, please contact a Service Experts office near you.

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